body.gwern{--bg: #ffffff;--text: #000000;--muted: #757575;--line: #cccccc;--line-light: #e4e4e4;--box-bg: #f7f7f7;--code-bg: #f5f5f5}html.dark body.gwern{--bg: #131313;--text: #d8d8d8;--muted: #8f8f8f;--line: #444444;--line-light: #2e2e2e;--box-bg: #1c1c1c;--code-bg: #1f1f1f}@view-transition{navigation:auto}::view-transition-old(root){animation:vt-out 0.1s ease both}::view-transition-new(root){animation:vt-in 0.16s ease both}@keyframes vt-out{to{opacity:0}}@keyframes vt-in{from{opacity:0}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce){@view-transition{navigation:none}}*{box-sizing:border-box}body.gwern{margin:0;background-color:var(--bg);color:var(--text);font-family:"Source Serif 4", "Iowan Old Style", Georgia, serif;font-size:19px;line-height:1.55;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;transition:background-color 0.3s ease, color 0.3s ease}.essay-wrap{max-width:44em;margin:0 auto;padding:30px 24px 80px}.top-nav{text-align:center;font-variant-caps:small-caps;letter-spacing:0.04em;font-size:0.95rem}.top-nav a,.essay-footer a{color:var(--muted);text-decoration:none}.top-nav a:hover,.essay-footer a:hover{color:var(--text);text-decoration:underline}.top-nav .sep{color:var(--line);margin:0 0.4em}.essay-footer{margin-top:4em;padding-top:1.2em;border-top:1px solid var(--line-light);text-align:center;font-size:0.9rem}.essay-header{margin:2.2em 0 1.8em;text-align:center}.essay-title{font-size:2.15rem;font-weight:600;line-height:1.2;margin:0;letter-spacing:-0.01em}.page-metadata{margin-top:0.7em;color:var(--muted);font-size:0.85rem;font-variant-caps:small-caps;letter-spacing:0.05em}.page-metadata a{color:inherit}.abstract{border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:1em 1.6em;margin:0 1.5em 2em;font-size:0.93em;text-align:justify;hyphens:auto}.abstract p{margin:0 0 0.8em}.abstract p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}#TOC{float:left;max-width:45%;margin:0 1.8em 1em 0;padding:0.7em 1.4em 0.8em 1.1em;border:1px solid var(--line);background-color:var(--box-bg);font-size:0.82em;line-height:1.5}#TOC .toc-title{font-variant-caps:small-caps;letter-spacing:0.06em;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:0.4em}#TOC ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;counter-reset:toc}#TOC li{counter-increment:toc;margin:0.15em 0}#TOC li::before{content:counters(toc,".") " ";color:var(--muted);font-size:0.9em;margin-right:0.35em}#TOC ul ul{margin-left:1.2em}#TOC a{color:var(--text);text-decoration:none}#TOC a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.essay-content{position:relative;text-align:justify;hyphens:auto;-webkit-hyphens:auto}.essay-content h1,.essay-content h2,.essay-content h3,.essay-content h4{font-weight:600;line-height:1.25;text-align:left;margin:1.6em 0 0.5em;clear:both}.essay-content h1{font-size:1.5em;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding-bottom:0.15em}.essay-content h2{font-size:1.25em;border-bottom:1px dotted var(--line);padding-bottom:0.1em}.essay-content h3{font-size:1.1em}.essay-content h4{font-size:1em;font-style:italic}.essay-content p{margin:0 0 1em}body.essay .essay-content>p:first-of-type::first-letter{font-size:3.1em;font-weight:600;float:left;line-height:0.85;padding:0.05em 0.1em 0 0}.essay-content a,.essay-abstract a{color:var(--text);text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:var(--line);text-underline-offset:2px;transition:text-decoration-color 0.15s ease}.essay-content a:hover,.essay-abstract a:hover{text-decoration-color:var(--text)}.essay-content a[href^="http"]::after{content:"\202F\2197";font-size:0.72em;color:var(--muted)}.essay-content img{max-width:100%;border:1px solid var(--line-light)}.essay-content figure{margin:1.8em 0}.essay-content figcaption{margin-top:8px;text-align:center;font-size:0.85rem;color:var(--muted)}blockquote{margin:1.4em 0;padding:0.1em 1.3em;border-left:3px solid var(--line);color:var(--text);font-size:0.97em}hr{border:none;text-align:center;margin:2.4em 0}hr::after{content:"\2042";color:var(--muted);font-size:0.9em}pre,code{font-family:"SF Mono", "Menlo", "Consolas", monospace;font-size:0.82em;background-color:var(--code-bg);border:1px solid var(--line-light)}code{padding:0.1em 0.3em}pre{padding:0.8em 1em;overflow-x:auto;line-height:1.45}pre code{border:none;padding:0}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.5em 0;font-size:0.9em}table th{font-variant-caps:small-caps;letter-spacing:0.03em}table th,table td{border:1px solid var(--line);padding:0.35em 0.7em}.footnotes{margin-top:3em;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:1em;font-size:0.85em;clear:both}sup[id^="fnref"] a{text-decoration:none;color:var(--text);font-weight:600}.sidenote{position:absolute;left:calc(100% + 2.5em);width:15em;font-size:0.78em;line-height:1.45;text-align:left;hyphens:auto;color:var(--text)}.sidenote .sidenote-number{font-weight:600}.sidenote p{display:inline;margin:0}body.sidenotes-active .footnotes{display:none}.year-heading{font-size:1.05rem;font-variant-caps:small-caps;letter-spacing:0.08em;font-weight:600;color:var(--muted);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding-bottom:0.2em;margin:2.2em 0 0.8em}.essay-list{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.essay-list li{margin-bottom:0.9em}.essay-link{color:var(--text);text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:var(--line);text-underline-offset:2px;font-weight:600}.essay-link:hover{text-decoration-color:var(--text)}.essay-date{margin-left:0.7em;font-size:0.78rem;color:var(--muted);font-variant-caps:small-caps;letter-spacing:0.04em}.essay-abstract{margin:0.15em 0 0;font-size:0.9em;color:var(--muted)}#theme-toggle{position:fixed;top:16px;right:16px;z-index:1000;width:38px;height:38px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:3px;background-color:var(--bg);cursor:pointer;font-size:16px;line-height:1;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;transition:border-color 0.2s ease, background-color 0.3s ease}#theme-toggle:hover{border-color:var(--text)}#theme-toggle .toggle-icon::before{content:"\263E";color:var(--text)}html.dark #theme-toggle .toggle-icon::before{content:"\2600"}@media (max-width: 640px){body.gwern{font-size:17px;text-align:left}.essay-content,.abstract{text-align:left}.abstract{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}#TOC{float:none;max-width:none;margin-right:0}.essay-title{font-size:1.7rem}#theme-toggle{top:auto;bottom:16px}}